Conversions

Power of Ten Prefixes

For example gram, metre, litre, second, Pascal, Watt
So 1 gram = 1000 milligram or 0.01 hectogram

  Symbol Nano Micro Milli Centi Deci UNIT Deca Hecto Kilo Mega Giga
Nano = x 0.000000001 n          
Micro = x0.000001 µ        
Milli = x0.001 m      
Centi = x 0.01 c    
Deci = x 0.1 d  
UNIT  
Deca = x 10 D    
Hecto = x 100 H    
Kilo = x 1000 k    
Mega = 1000000 M        
Giga = x 1000000000 G          
   

Mass

 Kilogram (kg)
 Gram (g)
 Milligram (mg)
       

Volume

 Cubic Metre (m3)
 Litre (l)
 Millilitre (ml)
 Microlitre (ul)
       

Pressure

 Millipascal (mPa)
 Pascal (Pa)
 Kilopascal (kPa)
 Megapascal (MPa)
       

Power

 Horsepower (Hp)
 Kilowatt (kW)
       

Torque

 Foot Pound (ft-lb)
 Inch Pound (in-lb)
 Newton Metre (N-m)
       

Temperature

 Temperature
 Temperature
     

Relationship Between Kinematic and Absolute Viscosity

 Liquid specific gravity    
 Kinematic viscosity Absolute viscosity
 Absolute viscosity Kinematic viscosity
       

Absolute Viscosity

 Poise
 Centipoise
 Pascal seconds
 Millipascal seconds
       

Kinematic Viscosity

 Stoke
 Centistoke
 cm2/s
 mm2/s
       

Density & Specific Gravity

 Gram/millilitre
 Kilogram/litre
 Kilogram/cubic decimetre
 Kilogram/cubic metre
       

Specific Gravity (Relative Density) - SG - is a dimensionless unit defined as the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water - at a specified temperature

The density of water at 4 degree C is 1 kg/l and is the value usually used to calculate SG

 Density of Liquid then the SG is
       

Convert Mass Flow Rate to Volumetric Flow Rate

 Liquid specific gravity    
 Flow in g/hr Flow in ml/hr
Flow in g/min Flow in ml/min
 Flow in kg/hr Flow in l/hr
Flow in kg/min Flow in l/min
       

Flow

    ml/min ml/hr l/s l/min l/hr m3/min m3/hr UK gallon/min US gallon/min
ml/min  
ml/hr  
l/s  
l/min  
l/hr  
m3/min  
m3/hr  
UK g/min  
US g/min  
   

Calculating Pipe Velocity

 Pipe inside diameter
Volumetric flow
Pipe velocity
   
 

Pressure

    Atmosphere Bar PSI Pascal (Pa) kPa MPa
Atmosphere  
Bar  
PSI  
Pascal (Pa)  
kPa  
MPa  
   

Convert Pressure to Head

 Liquid specific gravity    
Pressure in Bar Head to Pressure
Head in Metres Pressure to Head
       

Affinity Laws for Centrifugal Pump

 DUTY   Estimated duty for revised speed  Estimated duty for revised impeller diameter
 Flow at duty point
Head at duty point
Power absorbed at duty point
Impeller diameter REVISED SPEED REVISED IMPELLER DIAMETER
Operating speed